System Design is not just for Architects. It is for every developer who is building scalable and maintainable applications for global audience.
Bikash Jaiswal
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To connect to a website, we use a name like www.example.com. However, the internet's underlying technology works with
numerical IP addresses to connect to the website. So how does the internet translate a name to correct IP address?
The internet uses a system called Domain Name System (DNS) to translate a name to correct IP address.
www.example.com in our browser, our browser first checks the local cache for the IP address of www.example.com.If the IP address is not found in the local cache, our browser sends a request to the DNS resolver to resolve the IP address of www.example.com.
It sends a request for .com to the Root Name Server (NS). The Root Name Server (NS) doesn't know the final answer, but it knows who manages the .com domain. It responds with the address of the .com TLD server.
www.example.com. The .com TLD Name Server knows authoritative name servers that manage example.com and responds with the address of the authoritative name server for example.com.www hostname and returns the IP address to the browser.